The money flowed freely, but they still hoped to find a way to the East. The Portuguese explored the Canary Islands off the African coast as early as 1341, finding them perfect for the establishment of sugar colonies with labor supplied by African slaves. Warfare by the Spanish, using guns, and forced labour in mines and on plantations also contributed. The Portuguese were very pleased by this achievement, and they soon dominated the East Indies trade. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. Far from being unified and content under Aztec rule, many peoples in Mexico resented it and were ready to rebel. Effects of Spanish Exploration - CAST Taming the Bullwhip: An Exploration of the Supply Chain Ripple Effect Hogwarts Legacy - steamcommunity.com The magnetic compass was a compass that had a magnetized needle supporting a magnetic card. For them, the dungeon of Elmina was their last sight of their home country. Malintzin remains a controversial figure in the history of the Atlantic World; some people view her as a traitor because she helped Corts conquer the Aztecs, while others see her as a victim of European expansion. . When the Spanish captured Granada in 1492, it allowed the Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, to listen to the arguments of the Genoese sea captain, Christopher Columbus, and his claims that he could find a shorter route to the Far East. What are the long lasting effects of Spanish Exploration today? Native Spaniards created equally enduring works. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?san juan airport restaurants hours Credit Solution Experts Incorporated offers quality business credit building services, which includes an easy step-by-step system designed for helping clients build their business credit effortlessly. What are the most important factors behind the success of Portuguese and Spanish overseas exploration and colonization? John H Elliott - Empires Of The Atlantic World.pdf D. Africans attended Prince Henry's navigation school Cortes, for example, had friendly relationships with a number of natives, using them to assist in his conquest of the Aztecs, while other conquistadors focused only on subjugation and cruelty. Spanish & Portuguese Exploration of the New World & Asia | Motives Since the Aztec people had never been exposed to the disease, thousands died as it spread throughout Mexico. explored isthmus of panama. The Spanish and Portuguese empires | South America | The Places Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. Probanzas de mritos were reports and letters written by Spaniards in the New World to the Spanish crown, designed to win royal patronage. Like Corts, Pizarro had to combat not only the natives of the new worlds he was conquering, but also competitors from his own country; a Spanish rival assassinated him in 1541. There was plenty of room to spread out, interesting cultures and landscapes to explore, natives to Christianize, and even better, economic opportunities galore, including new sources of gold and silver. Often I have sent two or three men ashore to some town to converse with them, and the natives came out in great numbers, and as soon as they saw our men arrive, fled without a moments delay although I protected them from all injury. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. After Christopher Columbus bumped into the New World in 1492, a string of explorers and conquistadors set about claiming territory for Spain. They also attempted, sometimes more successfully than others, to conquer the Amerindians and force them to work and pay tribute. . Perhaps the key motivator behind exploration in this era was economic. The Significance of Spanish Colonial Missions in our National Story and They are most beautiful, of a thousand varied forms, accessible, and full of trees of endless varieties, so high that they seem to touch the sky, and I have been told that they never lose their foliage. Although, this conquest took over 30 years to accomplish. answer choices. Explore the collection at The Cervantes Project for images, complete texts, and other resources relating to Cervantess works. During the winter of 154041, the explorers waged war against the Tiwa in present-day New Mexico. Those who survived were strongly influenced by Spanish language, religion, art and architecture. However, these stories are based on the self-aggrandizing efforts of conquistadors to secure royal favor through the writing of probanzas de mritos (proofs of merit). He participated in successful expeditions in Panama before following rumors of Inca wealth to the south. The Official Site of Philip T. Rivera. In the eighteenth century, a French historian compared Spanish and Portuguese expansion in the New World in the following terms: The conquests of the Portuguese in the New World are not as pleasing on a broad view as the conquests of Mexico and Peru. After taking Cuba in 1511, the Spanish continued traveling further into the territory with the conquistador, Hernan Cortes, attacking the Aztec Empire in 1519, taking their capital of Tenochtitlan in 1521. Then, when they found Amerindians, they wanted to colonize and convert them, as well as have access to their gold. The Hapsburg dynasty, which ruled a collection of territories including Austria, the Netherlands, Naples, Sicily, and Spain, encouraged and financed the work of painters, sculptors, musicians, architects, and writers, resulting in a blooming of Spanish Renaissance culture. The Portuguese continued to focus on building trade networks and establishing a trading post empire without heavy colonization in direct contrast to the Spanish. Spains drive to enlarge its empire led other hopeful conquistadors to push further into the Americas, hoping to replicate the success of Corts and Pizarro. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Spains acquisitiveness seemingly knew no bounds as groups of its explorers searched for the next trove of instant riches. Although Portugal opened the door to exploration of the Atlantic World, Spanish explorers quickly made inroads into the Americas. A fortified trading post, it had mounted cannons facing out to sea, not inland toward continental Africa; the Portuguese had greater fear of a naval attack from other Europeans than of a land attack from Africans. In Spain, gold and silver from the Americas helped to fuel a golden age, the Siglo de Oro, when Spanish art and literature flourished. (1521) Pizarro took land from the Incas in what is today Peru. Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. Who ruled the government of ancient Sumer? Missionaries such as Toribio Motolinia and Bartolome de Las Casas brought Catholicism and advocated for the natives, though they fought an uphill battle. The time was ripe to explore, discover, and expand. Huguenots Overview, History & Beliefs | Who were the Huguenots? In 1519, he entered Tenochtitln, the capital of the Aztec (Mexica) Empire. However, after three years of entreaties, and, more important, the completion of the Reconquista, Ferdinand and Isabella agreed to finance Columbuss expedition in 1492, supplying him with three ships: the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. At Elmina the main source was Ashanti gold, at trading points on the Guinea coast it was gold diverted to Portuguese traders from the caravan route from Timbuktu to Morocco. Portuguese exploration along the African coast was marked by trading rather than colonization with the empire-building posts to protect their ships carrying spices and gold back to Portugal and allying with African kings when possible. To those ends, Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored extensive Atlantic exploration. Gold became the biggest source of income for the Portuguese crown. Vasco Nez de Balboa marched through Panama to the Pacific ocean; Hernando Corts conquered Mexico; Francisco Pizarro subdued Peru; and Francisco Vsquez de Coronado moved north. They also found a sea route to India. After Columbus voyages to the New World, the Portuguese, Spanish, French, Dutch, and English began the active exploration and exploitation of the newly discovered land in the Americas. Beyond the splendor of the architecture of the missions, what we see today is the cumulative effect of a historic process Spain triggered with its efforts to govern and Christianize the New World, thereby culturally changing the land and people forever. Create your account. extensive migration of people from the Western Hemisphere to Europe and Asia. One group in particular, the Tlaxcalan, threw their lot in with the Spanish, providing as many as 200,000 fighters in the siege of Tenochtitln. This age of exploration and the subsequent creation of an Atlantic World marked the earliest phase of globalization, in which previously isolated groupsAfricans, Native Americans, and Europeansfirst came into contact with each other, sometimes with disastrous results. There are many spices and vast mines of gold and other metals in this island. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? Q. Although the period known as the Age of Discovery, when Western Europe's conquistadors or conquerors discovered the true expanse of the globe, began with a Portuguese and Spanish desire to find ways to the Far East and the spice trade, it ended with both nations permanently expanding a myriad of trade networks and colonies on continents previously unknown. The Portuguese replaced Arab control of the trade in ivory, gold and slaves with their own. Benjamin Walter on LinkedIn: What is the effect of emplacement depth Such accounts kept the debate on the treatment of natives constantly at the forefront of political life during the age of exploration with the struggle always between greed and humanity. flashcard sets. Originally built by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century, it appears in this image as it was in the 1660s, after being seized by Dutch slave traders in 1637. However, when Columbus in fact discovered America, the subsequent discoveries of indigenous peoples led the Catholic country to move beyond pure trade goals to establish lasting colonies that would add to Spain's greatness and spread Catholicism to the New World. The Spanish then murdered hundreds of high-ranking Mexica during a festival to celebrate Huitzilopochtli, the god of war. In the 1480s, Pope Sixtus IV had granted Portugal the right to all land south of the Cape Verde islands, leading the Portuguese king to claim that the lands discovered by Columbus belonged to Portugal, not Spain. Spaniards captained the other three ships (San Antonio, Concepcin, and Victoria), and constant Spanish scheming against the Portuguese would have grave consequences for the voyage. Technological Innovations of the Age of Exploration The Age of Discovery & Exploration - Practice Test Questions & Chapter Spanish . The world was opening up, and people were realizing how big it really was. In the 1540s, Francisco Vsquez de Coronado crossed the Rio Grande and traveled up the Colorado River. The Portuguese led the way as explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator sailed down the coast of Africa, establishing a profitable trade in gold and slaves. What is the effect of Spanish and Portuguese Exploration? - Brainly We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. In 1492, Granada, the last Muslim stronghold on the Iberian Peninsula, had fallen to the forces of the Spanish monarchs. They wanted to spread catholic culture in whole world. This island, like all the others, is most extensive. Its hills and mountains, fine plains and open country, are rich and fertile for planting and for pasturage, and for building towns and villages. However, they also brought disease and existing conflicts between European nations. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. (credit: modification of work by National Park Service), Next: Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Describe Portuguese exploration of the Atlantic and Spanish exploration of the Americas, and the importance of these voyages to the developing Atlantic World, Explain the importance of Spanish exploration of the Americas in the expansion of Spains empire and the development of Spanish Renaissance culture. Portugal imported armor and munitions, fine clothes, and several manufactured products from Flanders and Italy. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. As Western Europe transitioned from the regional divides of the middle ages to stronger centralized countries, kings and queens looked for ways of expanding their spheres of influence and world outlooks. This exchange benefitted Europeans more than Native Americans because Europeans spread smallpox , a deadly disease, to Native Americans when they came into contact with them. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. The Great Depression, 1929-1932, Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1941, Fighting the Good Fight in World War II, 1941-1945, Post-War Prosperity and Cold War Fears, 1945-1960, Political Storms at Home and Abroad, 1968-1980, The Challenges of the Twenty-First Century. Payroll Services Expert, Novartis, Prague, Czech Republic 20+ Billion Cash Disbursements, 600k + payments through more than 400 Bank Accounts and countless lives impacted positively with our contributions to fulfill our noble purpose of reimagining medicineThe Payroll Services Expert supports the development of P&O processes, principles, and guidelines for a small client group, as well as . The motives that spur human beings to examine their environment are many. Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire and took part in explorations of the northern Caribbean coast of South America. The overland routes involved terrain that was unforgiving and dangerous, and merchants couldn't trust that they would always be safe. The increased flow of silver altered the worldwide global trading both socially and economically. Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. Hernando de Soto had participated in Pizarros conquest of the Inca, and from 1539 to 1542 he led expeditions to what is today the southeastern United States, looking for gold. The natives quickly became the bulk of the workforce and were horribly abused despite Isabel's orders to the contrary. It was able to amplify the power of Undead army by several magnitudes. Merchants then used these Atlantic outposts as debarkation points for subsequent journeys. The Portuguese had the best and most up-to-date navigational tools as well. In anticipation of winning his own honor and riches, Corts later explored the Yucatn Peninsula. Such endeavors were accomplished by the conquistadors Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, who subdued the Aztec and Incan Empires in 1521 and 1533. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - U.S. History From these strategic points, Portugal spread its empire down the western coast of Africa to the Congo, along the western coast of India, and eventually to Brazil on the eastern coast of South America. When this lesson is over, you should be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Seeing the value of this source of labor in growing the profitable crop of sugar on their Atlantic islands, the Portuguese soon began exporting African slaves along with African ivory and gold. The English Empire, 16601763, Imperial Reforms and Colonial Protests, 1763-1774, America's War for Independence, 1775-1783, Creating Republican Governments, 17761790, Growing Pains: The New Republic, 17901820, Industrial Transformation in the North, 18001850, A Nation on the Move: Westward Expansion, 18001860, Cotton is King: The Antebellum South, 18001860, Antebellum Idealism and Reform Impulses, 18201860, Go West Young Man! Posted on . The effect of the Thrash's set items were huge. Spanish relationships with the natives tended to vary depending on the person. The dungeon of the fort now served as a holding pen for African slaves from the interior of the continent, while on the upper floors Portuguese traders ate, slept, and prayed in a chapel. The 15th and 16th centuries have often been labeled the age of exploration, discovery, and expansion. Spain had dominated much of the Americas; Ortiz goes as far to brand the period as "The Golden Age of Spain [1] ". Hispaniola is a marvel. Chapter 15 Maritime Revolution - AP World History - Google Along the way, they discovered plenty of ways to make a profit from their voyages, and pretty soon they were leaders in the gold and slave trades. Corts and his people fled for their lives, running down one of Tenochtitlns causeways to safety on the shore. The travels of Portuguese traders to western Africa introduced them to the African slave trade, already brisk among African states. Missionaries like Motolinia had a legitimate desire to convert the natives and others like him, including the Dominican friar Bartolome de Las Casas, who wrote "A Brief Account of the Destruction of the West Indies" to draw attention to the atrocities committed against the natives by his fellow Spaniards. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. Finally, they also desired to build an empire and spread Catholicism. What impact did the Portuguese and Spanish explorers have on Europe? What was the difference between the Portuguese and Spanish trading The Spanish were also the first in the New World. All of these items are still traded across the Atlantic today to places all over the world. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. The only arms they have are sticks of cane, cut when in seed, with a sharpened stick at the end, and they are afraid to use these. With financial assistance from the maritime enthusiast Prince Henry the Navigator and the invention of lateen or triangular sails, the Portuguese opened trading routes along the African coast. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration quizlet? Thousands of Spaniards flocked to the Americas seeking wealth and status. Which country established the first colonies in the Americas? No products in the cart. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. YouTube Videos for Young Children: An Exploratory Study Map showing the routes to the Far East. Using the explorers first name as a label for the new landmass, Waldseemuller attached America to his map of the New World in 1507, and the name stuck. This painting illustrates the diffusion of which of the following during the Age of Exploration? It didn't take long for other Spaniards to realize that Columbus had stumbled upon something completely new, and they decided to stay. Magellan's Circumnavigation of the Earth | Origins Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest, Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World, New Worlds in the Americas: Labor, Commerce, and the Columbian Exchange, Colonial Rivalries: Dutch and French Colonial Ambitions, The Glorious Revolution and the English Empire, An Empire of Slavery and the Consumer Revolution, Confronting the National Debt: The Aftermath of the French and Indian War, The Stamp Act and the Sons and Daughters of Liberty, The Destruction of the Tea and the Coercive Acts, Disaffection: The First Continental Congress and American Identity, Britains Law-and-Order Strategy and Its Consequences, Common Sense: From Monarchy to an American Republic, The Constitutional Convention and Federal Constitution, Competing Visions: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans, On the Move: The Transportation Revolution, A New Political Style: From John Quincy Adams to Andrew Jackson, The Nullification Crisis and the Bank War, Free Soil or Slave? 5 Pages. Spain was unable to compete with Portugal throughout most of the 15th century as it was occupied with consolidating itself on the Iberian peninsula and defeating the Islamic empire that had been present since the early middle ages. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. Which type of automated bidding strategy is Target CPA? Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Flashcards | Quizlet The extensive overseas exploration, with the Portuguese and Spanish at the forefront, later joined by the Dutch, English, and French, emerged as a powerful factor in European culture, most notably the European colonization of the Americas. What was Portugals role in the age of discovery? It also marks an increased adoption of colonialism as a government policy in several European states. This was centre of the gold trade. One of this periods most famous works is the novel The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, by Miguel de Cervantes. Ottoman Turks controlled much of the land routes to the East, and they initially charged exorbitant taxes for traders to get through. What was an effect of Spanish exploration on both the Inca and the Aztec civilization? Among these was Toribio Motolinia, whose work, History of the Indians of New Spain, provided a comprehensive description not only of conversion methods, but Aztec religious and cultural practices. The compass rose also told . Columbuss 1493 letteror probanza de mrito (proof of merit)describing his discovery of a New World did much to inspire excitement in Europe. 27 chapters | The Spanish explorers hoped to find cities of gold, so they made their discoveries sound as wonderful as possible in these letters to convince the Spanish crown to fund more voyages. The carrack first appeared, historians believe, in the late 13th and early 14th centuries. She has taught college English and religious education classes and currently works as a freelance writer. It also established trading posts in China and Japan. Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? Explorer Bartholomeu Dias made his way around Africa, and Vasco de Gama finally made it to India. He might have gotten all the way to India if his crew hadn't mutinied. Cortes took land from the Aztecs in what is today Mexico. Most trades for Western Europe required overland travel, which only grew more difficult with Ottoman conquests in the East. They were looking for something new and different, and they were ready to push beyond Europe to find it. Henry the Navigator. Slaves lived in the dungeon for weeks or months until ships arrived to transport them to Europe or the Americas. Henry the navigator was a mapmaker and helped build ships. The resulting Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 drew a north-to-south line through South America ([link]); Spain gained territory west of the line, while Portugal retained the lands east of the line, including the east coast of Brazil. When the Spanish and Portuguese explore to the new world it results in massive increase in the population. 2.1: Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest They also found a sea route to India. Magellan and Joo Serro were the only Portuguese captains, with Magellan in charge of the largest ship, the Trinidad, and Serro at the helm of the Santiago. This colonial enterprise was driven by a search for African gold, Asian spices, and Christian kingdoms in the east. The Portuguese took firm control of trade with the Far East. The exploits of European explorers had a profound impact both in the Americas and back in Europe. They also found a sea route to India. B. Africans were enslaved and brought to the Americas. What lands did Spain lay claim to and how did the Portuguese react? Corts was also aided by a Nahua woman called Malintzin (also known as La Malinche or Doa Marina, her Spanish name), whom the natives of Tabasco gave him as tribute.
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